Industrial oil

The edible used oils produced in restaurants and homes are used as raw material at the Eshtahrd factory for the refining of used oil. In the refining unit, special filters are used to separate the various impurities commonly left from food residues during cooking. These impurities are removed from the oil and transferred to the feed tanks for oil parameter testing. After determining the parameters and identifying the deviations from the standard values, adjustments are made to bring the parameters back within the specified range. Once the desired indices meet the required standards, the oil is transferred to the frying containers. After undergoing the specified process by the process team, the refined oil is transferred to the product tanks. In these tanks, the product’s indices are measured again by the quality control laboratory. If the indices fall within the allowable range for industrial oil, the tanks are sealed and delivered to the operations unit. If not, the oil undergoes further processes until the indices are within the permissible range.

Oils are offered in two categories: edible and industrial oils. Industrial oils are specifically designed for lubricating mechanical equipment. To answer the question of what industrial oil is, it can be described as a liquid used for cleaning, cooling, and lubricating the stationary and moving parts of machines. These oils, due to their high penetration ability, are ideal for lubricating components that generate a lot of heat.

Lubricating oils are available in various types. To provide more insight, here are two examples of specific industrial oils:

• Transformer Oil: This electrical insulating oil is used for high-power transformers and facilitates the lubrication process. Transformer oil has cooling properties, is anti-oxidative, sulfur-free, and has high thermal stability.

• Textile Industry Oil: This oil helps prevent static electricity buildup in machinery and provides high cooling and lubricating properties. It is easily washed off with water and facilitates sewing operations on cotton fabrics without leaving stains.

Industrial oils are used as high-performance lubricants in various industries. These oils reduce friction between parts, minimize wear, and protect machine parts and industrial equipment. If you’re unsure which oil is suitable for your machinery, this webpage will assist you in selecting the right industrial oil. Additionally, beyond identifying the oil type, it is essential to consult the equipment’s manual to check the working conditions and type of machinery.

Industrial oils are available in various types and quantities, allowing you to lubricate both internal and external components of machines. Depending on specific needs and applications, you can source your desired oil from reputable manufacturers. Industrial oils consist of different hydrocarbon compounds and are extracted from the lower sections of crude oil. Additionally, the price of industrial oil varies based on different factors.

Natural Industrial Oils: The first category consists of natural oils obtained from natural sources, with minimal processing. These liquid lubricants are made from animal and plant fats, such as canola oil and castor oil.

Due to their inherent properties, natural oils are highly unstable in oxidative and thermal environments. Moreover, these oils quickly oxidize at high temperatures and lose their original properties. Therefore, natural oils are not used for lubricating machinery.

Mineral Oils: Mineral oils are lubricants derived from petroleum products. Since these oils are made from hydrocarbons (organic compounds consisting of hydrogen and carbon), all of them fall under this category. After the crude oil is extracted, it undergoes various separation processes. During these steps, oils and fuels with diverse properties like viscosity are produced. Materials with high viscosity and lubricating properties are used as lubricants or oils. It is important to note that mineral oils are highly sensitive to environmental temperatures, and their viscosity index (VI) generally reaches up to 120. Moreover, their pour point ranges from -6°C to -60°C, with most of these oils having a pour point around -20°C. Furthermore, mineral oils are easily flammable due to their low flash point.

Since these oils are extracted from natural sources, they contain elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, etc. These elements are considered impurities, which can negatively affect lubrication performance and pollute the environment. Additionally, these impurities may lead to the formation of sludge and deposits from oxidation and other chemical reactions during the lubrication process. Therefore, mineral oils must undergo refining processes. After purification, these oils are mixed with additives to compensate for their shortcomings. However, mineral oils still have the most widespread use in industry.

Synthetic Oils: Synthetic oils were developed as a solution to some limitations of mineral oils. Mineral oils are considered less efficient for certain applications due to the impurities that negatively affect their performance. As a result, synthetic oils are chemically produced to offer an advanced alternative to mineral lubricants and traditional oils.

Synthetic industrial oils, produced as engineered petroleum products, have unique properties. Unlike mineral oils, these synthetic lubricants lack impurities that may cause deposits to form, which leads to better stability. These oils have a higher viscosity index, ensuring consistent performance in varying temperatures. Additionally, with a pour point between -18°C and -74°C (typically between -30°C and -50°C), they flow better at low temperatures. Moreover, their high flash point, which reaches an inflammable level, makes them highly suitable for industries facing fire hazards.

Given the characteristics of synthetic oils, they are ideal for:

• Applications that require high or low temperatures (with a better viscosity index)

• Industries requiring oils with low flammability

• Conditions where compatibility with materials like rubber or plastic is important

• Industries sensitive to sulfur and phosphorus contamination, such as the food industry

Although synthetic oils offer many advantages, they have one drawback compared to mineral oils. They perform poorly as boundary lubricants, meaning they have less power to reduce friction and wear compared to mineral oils. However, this limitation is compensated for by adding additives to their formulation, ultimately making them highly efficient industrial lubricants.

Other Types of Synthetic Oils:

• Circulating Oil: This first type of industrial oil is suitable for bearings, cylinders, bevel gears, and worm gears and is used in a wide range of industrial applications. These oils have a high viscosity index and excellent heat resistance, protecting machine components from wear, oxidation, rust, and foaming. They are available as both synthetic and mineral circulating oils in various ISO grades.

• Compressor Oil: These oils are used in vacuum pumps, air compressors, and various screw, piston, and rotary compressors. They possess excellent anti-wear and separation properties, protecting different surfaces from oxidation and rust. Compressor oils are available as synthetic and mineral oils in various ISO grades.

• Heat Transfer Oil: These oils are used for stable heat transfer with minimal maintenance over long periods. Due to their function, they contain additives to prevent rust and oxidation. They are available as both synthetic and mineral heat transfer oils.

• Industrial Gear Oil: These oils are designed to withstand extreme pressures in industrial gearboxes, reduction gears, concrete mixing machines, circulating systems, and agricultural and marine equipment. They also protect parts from wear, corrosion, and oxidation. They are available as both synthetic and mineral gear oils with extreme pressure ratings.

• Turbine Oils: These oils are formulated to meet the requirements of hydro, gas, and steam turbines. With the help of oxidation inhibitors, rust, corrosion preventatives, and special anti-wear additives, they offer excellent lubrication, cooling, and protection. These oils can also be used as hydraulic fluids and are available in various ISO grades.